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I am grateful to Caroline
H Thompson for leading me to a deeper understanding of the railways. I.C.
10may02 http://www.electromagnetism.demon.co.uk/w99anbk2.htm http://www.ivorcatt.co.uk/cattq.htm The Railon
When a train
glides over its two guiding rails, it has been erroneously thought that
nothing happens within the rails. However, recent advances in electromagnetic
theory by Professor Pepper FRS and Dr. Neil McEwan http://www.electromagnetism.demon.co.uk/w99anbk2.htm http://www.ivorcatt.co.uk/cattq.htm have led railway experts Professor Salt and Dr. McSheep to realise that the traditional view is superficial. It is difficult to understand why the train’s obvious need for a guidance mechanism has been overlooked for two centuries. The details of this
breakthrough in theory have still to be agreed. Dr McSheep
argues that railons travel alongside the train but
inside the rails, guiding the train as it goes. He suggests that recent high
speed train disasters may have been caused by the difficulty railons have in travelling at today’s higher speeds. In
contrast, Professor Salt argues that railons are
already present in the rail ahead of the train, and merely rise to the rail
surface at the appropriate moment, to guide the train on its way, then
receding back into the interior. He suggests that the Hatfield disaster was
caused by the failure of the railons to rise up to
the surface through the cracks in the rail. In view of its importance
for train safety, Salt and McSheep should reconcile
the different emphasis in their approaches to railons
as soon as possible. Disunity has been at the core of our railway problems
for many years. Ivor Catt 10may02
[Written and uploaded hours before the 10may02 Potters Bar rail disaster was reported. The train was the 12.45pm from Kings Cross. Email telling readers to look at the above article was emailed out by me at 19.08 on the day of the disaster. Article (above) was uploaded by me onto the www at 19.16 on 10may02, six hours after the disaster, which I first heard of on the next day, 11may02. Preliminary thought is that the cause was faulty points 200 yards south of Potters Bar Station. Alisha travelled in the same direction a few hours earlier, on her way to school in Potters Bar. However, her train slowed down to stop at Potters Bar, so it was not fast enough to cause the rail collapse. The train three hours later, travelling at between 80 and 100 mph, did the trick. IC 11may02] |
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UNIVERSITY
OF CAMBRIDGE Ivor Catt, Esq., Dear Mr Catt, …..
As the wave travels at light velocity, then charge supplied from outside the system would have to
travel at light velocity as well, which is clearly
impossible.
…. Yours
sincerely, [signed]
M Pepper August 23, 1993 Dear Raeto
West, …. as a TEM wave
advances so charge within the conductor is polarised and the disturbance propagates at right angles to the
direction of propagation of the wave .... .... Yours sincerely,
M Pepper *********************************************** To
Kathy Symonds 20 April 1995 Dear
Kathy, ….
in "Catt's Anomaly", there is definitely a correct answer, and it
is just that the new charge required in the one foot of cable DOES flow from
somewhere to the left! The charges
DON'T have to travel at anywhere near the speed of light to do this! …. .... such charge would NOT have to
travel at the speed of light in a vacuum! The reason that the
sentence cannot be grasped by those "disciplined in the art" is
because it happens not to be true!!! It may be obvious to the untutored mind
because they haven't had the theoretical training to see why it is wrong. It
is exactly at the point where the assertion seems really obvious that you
need to think most clearly …. Best wishes [signed] Neil McEwan
(Dr.), Reader in Electromagnetics ************************************ McEwan grovels to Pepper FRS http://www.electromagnetism.demon.co.uk/01051.htm [….Next follows the first admission
by McEwan that his own view differs from that of
exalted Pepper FRS. It has taken from sep96 until now, jan00 - 3 years - to
make that advance. That is why we have to conclude that at least the latter
part of the twentieth century was a time when it was impossible to
communicate on scientific matters; the salaries, prestige and professional
and scientific incompetence were of too high an order. {McEwan
still does not know that Pepper's boss Howie agrees
with McEwan! None of these shysters can communicate
with each other. The stakes are too high!}] I am
prepared to take slight issue with Prof Pepper - again in a completely I am
sure Prof Pepper will not be in the least offended by my raising this ******************************************************** The 'Catt
anomaly': When a TEM wave travels along a transmission line, there must,
according to conventional theory, be charge
distributions on the surfaces of the conductors behind the wavefront. For a vacuum dielectric the speed of the wavefront is the speed of light so that, according to
Catt, the charges on the conductors must travel at the speed of light, which
is impossible. This is the 'Catt anomaly'. Since the wavefront
does travel at the speed of light, so do the charges, which then have
infinite mass. It follows that there cannot be charges on the conductor
surfaces and conventional theory must be wrong. The flaw here is the
assumption that the charges move with the wave. whereas
in reality they simply come to the surface as the wave passes, and when it
has gone they recede into the conductor. No individual charge moves with the
velocity of the wave. The charges come to the surface to help the wave go by
and then pass the task to other charges further along the line which are
already there and waiting. This is the mechanism of guidance and containement. There is no anomaly. – from
B. Lago’s review of Electromagnetism 1 The book is
at http://www.ivorcatt.com/em.htm
. This means Lago is a
Southerner, like Pepper. Full text of review is below. |
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************************************************ Review
of my 1994 book Electromagnetism 1 which is at http://www.ivorcatt.com/em.htm Book
Review published in the IEE Journal "Electronics & Communication
Engineering Journal", October 1995, p218. Electromagnetism
1 by Ivor Catt Westfields Press 1994 The
main body of the text is devoted to transmssion lines .... There
are numerous examples of sloppy argument in the text. .... The flaws in these
arguments are easy to see. .... The
author sees an anomaly in the conventional view of the transmission line.
This he calls the 'Catt anomaly' and it is the starting point of his
proposals for an improved theory. The 'Catt anomaly': When a TEM wave travels along a transmission line,
there must, according to conventional theory, be
charge distributions on the surfaces of the conductors behind the wavefront. For a vacuum dielectric the speed of the wavefront is the speed of light so that, according to
Catt, the charges on the conductors must travel at the speed of light, which
is impossible. This is the 'Catt anomaly'. Since the wavefront
does travel at the speed of light, so do the charges, which then have
infinite mass. It follows that there cannot be charges on the conductor
surfaces and conventional theory must be wrong. The
flaw here is the assumption that the charges move with the wave. whereas in reality they simply come to the surface as the
wave passes, and when it has gone they recede into the conductor. No
individual charge moves with the velocity of the wave. The charges come to
the surface to help the wave go by and then pass the task to other charges
further along the line which are already there and waiting. This is the
mechanism of guidance and containement. There is no
anomaly. But
Catt goes on. Having removed charges from the surfaces of his conductors, he
can no longer apply Gauss's law and the displacement current in the wave has
to go somewhere. Catt's solution is typically ingenious: the current must
continue as displacement current in conductors, which are actually
dielectrics with a very high permittivity; there is no conduction current in
conductors - ever! Catt's Ockham's Razor has been wielded to remove
conduction current as well as electric charge from electromagnetic theory.
There is of course the small problem of a value for the permittivity of
copper. Catt is equal to the challenge .... the permittivity of copper must be extremely large. .... .... It
is significant that, having introduced his new theory and abolished charge
and current ...., he then proceeds to use these concepts quite unashamedly in
the rest of the book. .... There are many other
items in this book which give cause for concern, for example the false statement
that 'The TEM wave has virtually disappeared from today's electromagnetic
theory'. http://www.electromagnetism.demon.co.uk/17136.htm http://www.electromagnetism.demon.co.uk/20136.htm http://www.ivorcatt.com/2613.htm Catt's
belief in his own work is clearly sincere, but this reviewer, after lengthy
and careful consideration, can find virtually nothing of value in this book. B. LAGO The
penultimate paragraph echoes Lago's July79 letter
in Wireless World attacking my article Displacement Current in Wireless
World, Dec78 and March79 ; .... the articles are wrong in almost every detail and it is
vital that this should be clearly demonstrated before undue damage is done.
.... May I
suggest that your readers will be well advised to approach the "further
reading" with caution. Lago has surfaced just twice with his large spanner. I
know nothing of him except that he is at Keele
University. -IC feb01 [Also
see A difficulty in
electromagnetic theory , the Lynch / Catt IEE 10july98, given
at the IEE Group S7 conference. - IC] Also
see my 1994 book Electromagnetism 1 Riposte Ivor Catt. 18june02 Scandals in electromagnetic theory http://www.ivorcatt.com/28scan.htm |